In the optimization, the lower limit D of maximum directivity is set as the nominal directivity (D = 43.353 3), the cable tension constraints are same as the first step, and the tie cable length limits are set as l (i) − 2mm and l (i) + 2 mm, respectively.
Following optimization, the lower limit of detection for Streptococcus pneumoniae from dried mock CSF spots was 14 genomic equivalents (GE)/μL (interquartile range 5.5 GE/μL) or 230 (IQR 65) colony forming units/mL.
HICOS incorporates distributed optimization in the upper layer and centralized optimization in the lower layer.
The optimization on the higher nested scope is according to the number of original variables, whereas the optimization on the lower nested scope is subject to the number of latent variables.
In recent years, great progress has been made in geologic evaluation, engineering test and development optimization of the Lower Cambrian Wufeng Fm Lower Silurian Longmaxi Fm shale gas in the Sichuan Basin, and the main shale gas exploitation technologies have been understood preliminarily.
The global minimum power solution obtained by centralized optimization is the lower bound on the overall power consumed by the network.
The setup of the solution procedure is illustrated in Fig. 2. It is to be noted that the optimization of the lower level task is also undertaken by an equivalent EA, so as to overcome the challenges associated with multi-modality, non-differentiability of the lower level objective function, etc.
Therefore, in this paper, a new blind coherent detection will be developed, which utilizes the modified FastICA algorithm [36] and the optimization of the lower bound of the worst-case performance, based on approximate negentropy maximization, as well as the concept of SOCP constraint [46, 47].
However, focusing on the higher-level as the focal unit does not easily allow the investigation of optimization at the lower level [ 59], and the individually-selected conditions leading to a major transition [ 60].
In this paper, we consider a bilevel programming problem (BP), which is called semivectorial bilevel programming problem by Bonnel and Morgan [1], where the upper level is a scalar optimization problem and the lower level is a vector optimization problem: (BP): ' min x ' F ( x, z ) (1.1).
Calvete and Gale [19] analyze the characters of the feasible region and give some algorithms frame for the LBMP problem, where the upper level is a linear multiobjective optimization problem and the lower level is a linear scalar optimization problem.
