Exact(4)
Studies usually rely on survey data to define actual commute, and measure the optimal commute at an aggregate zonal level by Linear Programming (LP).
Excess or wasteful commuting is measured as the proportion of actual commute that is over minimum (optimal) commute when assuming that people could freely swap their homes and jobs in a city.
Travel time from a survey could include reporting errors and respondents might not be representative of the areas they reside; and the derived optimal commute at an aggregate areal level is also subject to the zonal effect.
Based on the 2006 2010 Census for Transportation Planning Package CTPPP) data in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, this research uses a Monte Carlo approach to simulate individual resident workers and individual jobs within census tracts, estimate commute distance and time from journey-to-work trips, and define the optimal commute based on simulated individual locations.
Similar(56)
If time has to be spent on commuting, the optimal solution is situated at the tangency point E 1 of the indifference curve with the budget constraint B C 1. Here, the individual would supply L 1 L c hours on labour, spend L c L 0=Δ c on commuting, and enjoy 0L 1 hours of leisure.4 Fig. 2 Commuting and labour supply.
Imagine Waze for robotic vehicles: Software guiding millions of drivers at optimal speeds, reducing congestion, shortening commutes and eliminating the need for costly public road expansion projects.
The Q chosen here is optimal only when H and Y commute.
Our sufficient conditions are optimal in the sense that they become necessary when the relevant one-body operators commute.
Further investigation is needed to examine the optimal timing, length or combination of naps for reducing performance decrements on the morning commute, whilst still preserving daytime sleep quality.
This article attempts to fill this gap by examining four commuting benchmarks (minimum commute, maximum commute, random commute, and proportionally matched commute) and five excess commuting indices (excess commute, commuting potential utilized, commuting economy, normalized commuting economy, and effort).
The minimum commute distance (MCD) and excess rate (ER) are used to compare observed home-to-work trip lengths with an "optimal" alternative commuter pattern in which the sum of the distance traveled by the working population is minimized.
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