Sentence examples for optima shift from inspiring English sources

First, we expect selection for earlier migration and later spawning because the optima shift with climate change, but the traits do not shift plastically.

However, observing the evolution of an increase in virulence (instead of a decrease) as the epidemic matures would support the invasion threshold model for the initial virulence, because the Lenski May optima shift toward decreasing virulence as the epidemic matures.

Variants containing K227Q, or K225R either singly or in combination with other substitutions had optima shifted toward higher pH.

Despite the overlap in SURFACE parameter estimates for BM simulations and our 2-peak OU model (Table  2), the application of the latter to posterior-predictive analyses revealed an early divergence pattern underlain by adaptive optima shifts that is undetectable with model fitting alone (Table  3).

In interactions between species, evolutionary optima are forever shifting in response to changes in the biotic environment (Jaenike 1978; Thompson 2005; Thanukos 2010).

Although the potential for subfunctionalization due to changes in gene expression to preserve duplicated genes is generally accepted [ 54, 55], it also remains possible that distinct AGPase genes have specialized in terms of protein function (e.g., their pH optima might have shifted based upon the specific tissues in which the paralogs are expressed).

(ii) The fitness optima of y may shift randomly during the course of evolution, according to a multivariate normal distribution.

To clarify these interactions, we present a conceptual model of how changing environmental conditions shift phenotypic optima and, through plastic responses, phenotype distributions, affecting the force of selection.

The interaction with a biotic partner can cause shifting selective optima, especially if there are conflicts of interest.

The pH-activity profile of free LiP displayed optimal activity at pH 6 whereas, immobilization hyper-activated the LiP and slightly shifted pH optima towards more acidic pH range.

These models assume directional selection moves a population up a static solitary peak in an adaptive landscape, disregarding that many adaptive landscapes harbor multiple or shifting phenotypic optima [ 5, 9, 12, 13].