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Lamb, W. E. Theory of an optical maser.
Shimoda, K. Proposal for an electron accelerator using an optical maser.
Townes and Schawlow published their ideas for an "optical maser" in a seminal paper in the December 15 , 1958 issue of Physical Review.
1962 – Project "Luna See," conducted by RLE's Louis Smullin and George Fiocco, demonstrates high-power optical maser technology by bouncing a laser beam off the moon's surface.
They called it an optical maser, a term that never caught on, and through Bell Laboratories they secured the first laser patent in 1959, a year before Dr. Maiman's first working model.
In February 1962, he joined the staff of MIT's Lincoln Laboratory and began a career in laser research after completing a summer course on the newly invented laser (then called an optical maser).
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Schwartz, R. & Townes, C. Interstellar and interplanetary communication by optical masers.
In 1958, Dr. Townes joined with Arthur L. Schawlow to write a paper, "Infrared and Optical Masers," that described a device to produce laser light.
It was Dr. Townes and Dr. Arthur L. Schawlow who wrote the 1958 paper "Infrared and Optical Masers," describing a device to produce laser light, and secured a patent for it.
Thought leading to the development of the laser, which is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, goes back to Einstein and continues through Charles H. Townes and Arthur L. Schawlow, scientists at Bell Laboratories whose 1958 paper, "Infrared and Optical Masers" was enormously influential.
After the development of the maser at Columbia, attention turned to the extension of the maser concept to short wavelength devices (visible and IR) culminating in a seminal paper by Townes and Schawlow in 1958 describing the possible use of Fabry Perot resonators for optical masers.
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