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He was indeed among the first to found a natural science upon observation, as opposed to speculation.
"The clearest signal of intent," Mr. Bilbo said, "should be that work is moving forward and there is for the first time a real and clearly identified project as opposed to speculation".
The challenge remains how to better understand the origin of microbial life using observations and experimental methods as opposed to speculation, assumptions, scenarios, envisioning events and un-testable hypotheses.
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The demand for relevant empirical evidence obtained through an appropriate methodology is one of the demarcations of science as opposed to mere speculation (Ellis and Silk 2014).
So I thought I'd take what I'd learned from architecting and building out our own Ethereum-based projects, and turn it into an open-sourced tutorial for web devs, in the hopes of encouraging a little more actual development and evolution as opposed to blind speculation.
I am opposed to currency speculation because of its inherent risk.
(I'm also not opposed to blue-sky speculation — speculation is fun! — but a little dodgier when mixed in with real reporting).
The mining engineer Herbert Hoover (later U.S. president), who translated De re metallica into English in 1912, regarded Agricola as the originator of the experimental approach to science, "the first to found any of the natural sciences upon research and observation, as opposed to previous fruitless speculation".
The media's meekness is evident in how it treats those who provide it with vital information actual news, as opposed to never-ending electoral speculation and op-ed outrage.
Excessive speculation, as opposed to market fundamentals, fueled this year's price swings, he says.
One of the values of a currency is stability and the extent (to which) a currency is target of speculation as opposed to primarily a means of exchange," he said, addressing a conference organized by technology industry body Nasscom.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com