Reconciliation repairs the opponents' relationship and reduces post-conflict distress, but also entails risks of renewed aggression [3].
Our findings indicate that the quality of the opponents' relationship is critical in determining whether reconciliation will occur in ravens.
Finally, the relationship-repair hypothesis predicts that a bystander offering affiliation repairs the opponents' relationship and reduces the aggression-induced stress [19] [21].
Aggressive conflict damages the opponents' relationship, leading to a loss of benefits afforded by the relationship, and results in post-conflict distress [19].
Reconciliation in primates has been shown to repair damage caused to the opponents' relationship by the preceding conflict and reduce post-conflict distress [3].
Bystander affiliation in chimpanzees is usually offered when opponents are unlikely to reconcile [12], when opponents' relationship is of low benefit [22] and further aggression is more likely [22].
Reconciliation, a post-conflict affiliative interaction between former opponents, is an important mechanism for reducing the costs of aggressive conflict in primates and some other mammals as it may repair the opponents' relationship and reduce post-conflict distress.
Aggressive conflict features regularly in the lives of group-living animals but may entail significant costs, including loss of time and energy, risk of injury, damage to the opponents' relationship and post-conflict distress [1].
The film tells the story of two teenage girls, the daughters of political opponents, whose relationship is opposed by their families and the broader community.
As outsiders, he and Sestak have ganged up on McGinty in the primary race, hammering their mutual opponent over her relationship with the energy industry.
Under this condition the bystander should be a close bonding partner to the recipient's opponent, but the relationship with the affiliation partner is irrelevant [15], [20].
