OR1 = Odds Ratio of population controls, OR2 = OR of ophthalmology controls, OR3 = OR of sibling controls.
However, recruitment of ophthalmology controls became difficult because of lack of support from the ophthalmologists.
Ophthalmology controls were recruited from practices of the same ophthalmologists who had referred uveal melanoma cases to the ophthalmic clinic at the University Hospital of Essen and had to have a newly diagnosed benign disease of the eye.
Within the ophthalmology case-control study and the sibling case-control study, 10 controls (5.6%) and 2 cases (1.1%) and 8 controls (4.3%) and 2 cases (1.1%) ever worked as cooks, respectively.
Children who underwent strabismus surgery at six referral centers for ophthalmology served as controls.
This comprised 244 subjects with diagnosed and pathologically confirmed breast cancer (age range 20-80 years) and 450 female ophthalmology outpatients as controls.
The importance of infection control in ophthalmology has been highlighted in high-income settings [3, 14], but we identified only one published audit of infection control practices in developing world ophthalmology [11].
Unsurprisingly people with visual impairment were more likely to be admitted for one or more ophthalmology admissions (risk ratio controlling for all explanatory factors 3.10, 95% CI 2.24 to 4.29).
We carried out a frequency-matched case-control study of 343 cases and 334 controls attending an ophthalmology outpatient clinic at a primary health-care center in a small town near Valencia, Spain.
The non-attendance rate for ophthalmology appointments (18.1%) in our control group was higher than the mean non-attendance rate for all the different hospital specialty outpatient appointments (12.1%).
Non-eye-disease (NE) controls were selected from patients from ENT or Orthopaedics departments and non-cataract eye-disease (NC) controls from the Ophthalmology department.
