The total fines imposed on the operators amounted to 1.17 billion Nigerian naira, or an average of about $2 million per operator.
The results suggest that the total passenger and operator benefits amount to 36.8 million Swedish crowns on an annual basis.
Operator Ownership Amount of investment Network description.
The spectrum allocation problem with the operators' desired amount of spectrum and preferred sets of subcarriers is transformed into an optimization program which maintains a proportional spectrum fairness requirements among the operators.
Power system operators secure different amounts and types of operating reserves to compensate for these characteristics to reliably serve load and maintain the system frequency.
where is the total amount of shared spectrum, indicates the amount of unused spectrum measured by the i th operator, is the amount of spectrum loss caused by signal collisions, and γ reflects the sensitivity for the spectrum loss over the unused spectrum.
Therefore, in order to improve the overall throughput performance, we propose to adjust the utility functions of operators depending on the spectrum usage status such as the operator payoff, the amount of unused spectrum, and the amount of spectrum loss caused by signal collisions.
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where d is the degree of differencing; θ 0 is the deterministic trend term; B and its superscript represent shift operator and the amount of shift to be applied, respectively, as B^{d}Z_{t} = Z_{t-d}; (3).
Nevertheless, irrespective of the USE technology used, the operator influences the amount of resting pressure applied via a motionless transducer, termed precompression, which in turn can alter tissue stiffness [34].
