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Most of the patients in this study had received RT with or without chemotherapy before operation, which may have an influence on tumour size, stage and grade, nodal status and consequently, CA IX staining in the operative sample.
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We excluded infection through preoperative inflammatory indices and by negative microbiology of the operative samples.
We excluded infection through preoperative inflammatory indices and by negative microbiology of the operative samples 3.
Biopsy samples (B) stained for CA IX were compared with the respective operative samples (S).
Operative samples obtained from non-irradiated patients were used as controls.
Staining intensity was weak in 15% and moderate or strong in 29% of the operative samples.
Seventy-eight biopsy samples from the patients who received preoperative therapy were available for comparison with the respective operative samples.
Proteus mirabilis and Listeria monocytogenes were isolated from the operative samples of peri-prosthetic fluid and graft tissue.
Carbonic anhydrase isozyme IX staining intensity in the operative samples was shown to be significantly different among the treatment categories.
Concordance of CA IX expression between preoperative biopsies and operative samples was analysed using non-parametric paired-samples test (Wilcoxon signed ranks test or McNemar test).
Pairwise comparison of expression in biopsies and operative samples was analysed using a nonparametric paired-samples test (Wilcoxon signed-ranks test).
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