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They found no preoperative differences at the L4/L5 or L5/S1 operative levels.
The operative levels were C4 C5 in 5 patients, C5 C6 in 12 patients and C6 C7 in 8 patients.
Womintra played a critical role as facilitator in bridging the gap between the macro and operative levels, taking local capabilities into account.
The operative levels were C4 C5 in 5 patients (20%), C5 C6 in 12 patients (48%), and C6 C7 in 8 patients (32%).
A combination of top-down (project concept and technical design) and bottom-up (field implementation design) approaches was used at the macro and operative levels, respectively.
The heterotopic ossification formed may be related to operative levels instability in the early period.
Similar(46)
In contrast, Lingard et al. [ 33] found (in a large prospective observational study) that although psychological distress decreased post-operatively, pre-operative levels of distress were not related to post-operative improvement (change in pain and function).
In the TDR group, segmental ROM at the operative level was reduced at L5/S1 and relatively preserved when the operative level was L4/5.
The operative level ranged from C2 C3 to C7 T1, the most common being C5 C6.
Segmental contribution to total lumbar ROM was significantly reduced at the operative level for fusions at both L4/5 and L5/S1.
Range of motion (ROM) at the operative level and for the whole lumbar spine was measured pre- and postoperatively.
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