Open image in new window Fig. 5 Schematic diagram of the pantograph configurations Open image in new window Fig. 6 Operational orientations of the pantographs.
Two operational orientations of the lifted pantograph are considered in each position: the knuckle-downstream orientation and the knuckle-upstream orientation, as shown in Fig. 6.
To study the influence of the pantograph fixing position on aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed trains, the aerodynamic models of high-speed trains with eight cars were established based on the theory of computational fluid dynamics, and eight cases with pantographs fixed on different positions and in different operational orientations were considered.
Structural analyses is carried out to assess the stress distribution in the fiber reinforced plastic insulator, the alumina insulator and the integrated HVB for different load cases like operational orientation (horizontal), normal operation and accidental case.
In contrast, the "practical-operational" orientation common amongst decision-makers views evidence as highly context dependent [ 25].
However, few successful efforts have been made to evaluate the impact of market orientation on operational employee characteristics or behavior.
An exploratory study of market orientation in UK retail companies, grounded in case study research, adopts a novel survey design that compares managerial perceptions of market orientation with operational employee beliefs and attitudes.
We suggest that it is the neglect of this intervening variable that has partly confounded attempts to demonstrate a clear positive relationship between market orientation and operational employee characteristics, such as morale, job satisfaction, and retention.
In an environment with increasing competition and a growing need for operational efficiencies and customer orientation, retailers are looking beyond their organizational boundaries to develop and leverage the resources and capabilities of their supply chain partners to create superior value and competitive advantages in the marketplace.
It may also be the result of the lower education levels of employees in private enterprises and the higher turnover rate, which means that most employees were without orientation training, operational proficiency and awareness of safety issues, coupled with a lack of effective onsite first-aid.
They categorized them into six dimensions through factor analysis - operational responsiveness, market-related, costumer-driven, quality orientation, employees' involvement, working conditions, and innovation.
