Sentence examples for openness indicator from inspiring English sources

By definition, their openness indicator is partly subjective.

He thinks the openness indicator is a bad measure of trade policy, so its correlation with faster growth is spurious.

They devised an openness indicator that takes account of the different ways that governments shut out imports.

Following Larraín and Tavares (2004), the alternative trade openness indicator is share of imports on GDP (sImports).20.20

To test the robustness of the findings with the base specifications, the same set of regressions was estimated utilizing two alternative control variables (investment profile and risk for inflation) and an alternative trade openness indicator (the share of imports on GDP).

As the findings in Table 4 illustrate, the basic pattern of results does not change with alternative control and trade openness indicators.

One distinct difference between the estimates observed with the base specifications (Table 3) and with the alternative control and trade openness indicators (Table 4), however, refers to the impact of the Evo Morales administration on the dependent variable.

The openness hypothesis, however, cannot be confirmed as the coefficient estimates for this variable behave in opposite direction to the base specifications reported in Table 3, hence demonstrating inconsistency and lack of clarity on the actual impact of alternative trade openness indicators on corruption.

Structural equation modeling developed as a statistical melding of path analysis and factor analysis that obscured a fundamental tension between a factor preference for multiple indicators and path modeling's openness to fewer indicators.

Turning to the prediction of creative achievement, we find that the contrary holds true: Here, neither openness nor the indicators of creative potential had significant effects.

This research employs four indicators: trade openness, BIT, BTA, and RTA, all of which account for a country's extent of investment liberalization.