The music was, it seemed, more premeditated in which parameter was varied at any moment — meditation or swing, openness or density, lyricism or hustle — but all the splintered elements cohered.
Using fixed and roving weather stations, we examined influences on temperate woodland microclimate of adjoining land use (agriculture versus tree plantation), distance from edge (0 150 m), and woodland structural attributes (canopy openness, stem density and basal area).
In order to better understand the processes that determine arthropod abundance in thrice-burned forests, we measured canopy openness, understory density and litter depth.
The second was that landscape openness and microhabitat density would influence the occurrence of O. eremita.
Using a multi-model inference (MMI) approach and field data collected from the Upper Peninsula of Michigan we find that 'habitat type' (a proxy for soil moisture and nutrients), deer density, canopy openness and basal area of mature ironwood (Ostrya virginiana) in the vicinity of a gap drive regeneration abundance and composition.
As in previous studies [26], recurrent fires severely affected the forest structure, increasing canopy openness, and reducing understory density and litter depth.
This study aims at evaluating empirically performance of the parks in relation to its vegetation density and canopy openness which then influence habitability level.
We determined block size primarily by openness of vegetation, relative goat density, and helicopter flight times, which were limited to 2 hours.
Hierarchical partitioning [50] were used to compare the relative and independent importance of our three environmental variables (litter depth, understory density and canopy openness) on the abundance of the arthropod fauna.
Litter depth, understory vegetation density and canopy openness were recorded in 3×3 m quadrats placed 2 m from the trail at every grid point (n = 324 for each plot) in February (wet season) and August (dry season).
