Exact(2)
The average droplet diameters in air were 220±9 µm, 245±12 µm, and 285±18 µm, corresponding to valve opening durations of 50 µs, 55 µs, and 60 µs, respectively.
To confirm that the particular nature of the temporal prediction errors in the experiment did not explain the observed neuronal utility coding, we used temporal difference (TD) models and ruled out other possibilities, such as differential liquid valve opening durations (Supplemental Experimental Procedures and Figures S3F S3J).
Similar(58)
opening duration angle of exhaust valve.
opening duration angle of intake valve.
Clustering procedures were employed to obtain distinct behavioral patterns, including motivational, opening duration, interactivity and window position patterns.
Therefore, higher hydrophobicity results in longer open durations (Table 2).
The open durations of the heteromeric receptor were approximately 0.3, 4.5, 30 and 250 ms when activated with 100 μM 5-HT.
Although replacing the residue I323 with a hydrophobic Val still showed the short open duration because of its short side chain, the substitution of Leu or Phe for the I323 residue resulted in long open durations because all of them have high hydrophobicity and long side chains similar to Ile.
While the lengths of the brief open durations were not significantly different, the short, intermediate and long open durations of the 5-HT3A(QQN) receptor were significantly longer than the respective 5-HT3A QDA) receptor openings, suggesting that gating of these two receptors is distinct.
Both the 5-HT3A(QQN) and 5-HT3A QDA) receptors display four populations of open durations and three populations of closed durations when activated with 10 μM 5-HT (Table 2013, Supporting Information Figure S5).
Here we also found that the basic residue substitutions (I323K and I323R) not only reduced the single-channel conductance to about half but also significantly reduced the open durations (Table 2).
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