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Cu2O, adsorbed OH− ions, and water molecules have been detected as the electrode potential was varied from open circuit value to −1.20 V versus SHE.
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Under conditions of harmonic forcing, the effective modal loss factor depends on: (1) the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the piezoelectric system; and (2) the ratio of the rectifier output voltage during operation to its maximum open-circuit value.
However, the voltage open-circuit values cannot be explained by the metal insulator metal model [24].
pH values of these mediums are about 9 and obtained Open Circuit Potential values are close to −300 mV versus SHE.
Prior to ion sputtering, Cu2O/eutectic gallium indium junctions display rectifying current voltage behavior, with films containing larger amounts of impurities displaying lower photocurrent and open circuit voltage values.
The open circuit potential values measured during the chemical synthesis, as well as the color changes observed, are in close agreement with those of the electro-polymerization indicating basically the same changes in oxidation states of the polymer structures.
This mechanism is strongly influenced by sulfate anions which increase the dissolution rate of the passive film and promote the active state as monitored by the dissolution profile and OCP (open circuit potential) values.
The devices show similar open circuit voltage values (0.55 and 0.56 V), indicating that current generation from exciton dissociation at the interfaces between P3HT nanograting arrays and PCBM occurs in the both devices.
In contrast to the similar open circuit voltage values, the PSCs based on the OBHJ film show significantly improved Jsc (from 3.49 to 6.55 mA cm−2) due to the formation of bi-continuous transportation pathways (P3HT nanograting arrays and filled PCBM) by the SART-NIL technique with ETFE mold.
The highest PCE value of 1.56% with a short-circuit current densities (Jsc) value of 7.16 ma/cm2, a open circuit voltages (Voc) value of 0.60 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.36 was further optimized in the PSC device containing a supramolecular polymer network PBTH/C as polymer:PC70BM = 1 2 w/w.
It was found that with the decrease of ZnO nanoparticles size the short-circuit current density (Jsc) value greatly increases and open circuit photovoltage (Voc) value slightly increases.
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