Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
onset of pm
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "onset of pm" is not entirely clear in its meaning and may not be commonly used in written English.
It could be used in contexts discussing the beginning of a specific time period, such as "onset of pm" referring to the start of the afternoon or evening. Example: "As the onset of pm approached, the streets began to fill with people heading home from work."
Science
News & Media
Encyclopedias
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
1 human-written examples
By limiting the time of exposure to heat stress (40°C for only 3 hr) we aimed to detect the onset of PM permeability defects associated with accumulation of cargo at the surface.
Science
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
59 human-written examples
A recent study suggests a significant association between the 5-HTTLPR gene polymorphism and the new onset of depression after PM implantation, especially in women or those who were smokers [30].
Because of the sudden onset of extreme levels of PM, this dust storm provides an opportunity to assess morbidities during an extreme air pollution event that received widespread media attention.
To approximate the most probable exposure period for this apparent point-source outbreak, we subtracted the median incubation period for influenza A(H1N1 pdm09 (2.5 days) (8 – 11 ) from the 12-hour interval for onset of the median case (pm, May 30) (12 ).
Science
As shown, the mean age at onset of myositis was similar for PM and DM, at 50.4 versus 49 years, respectively.
We tested the effect of lag times from exposure to the onset of the disease and compared PM and ozone results to those obtained by using life tables, and we used a variety of different assumptions for our input data and models in selected scenarios.
Autonomic nervous system imbalance after activation of pulmonary reflexes is most probably the responsible mechanism for acute effects of PM on BP, whereas systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction involve a longer time of onset (Brook et al. 2009).
Transdifferentiated cells have been detected in PM even before the onset of fibrosis [ 5], a second consequence of PD.
The patient complained of pain and redness in the left eye and reported being bitten by a fly on the left eyelid in the evening (around 5 00 PM), ≈30 days before onset of symptoms.
Science
m: Level of PM effort.
In muscle biopsies of PM, MIF has been detected not only in inflammatory cells but also on muscle fiber membrane, thus suggesting a potential role of MIF in the onset of the disease [ 92].
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
If precision is important, specify the exact time instead of using "onset of pm". For example, use "12:00 pm" or "early afternoon".
Common error
Avoid using "onset of pm" without sufficient context. Because "pm" refers to a 12-hour period, this phrase can be vague if not explicitly tied to an event or activity. Be specific to prevent confusion.
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
3.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "onset of pm" functions as a noun phrase indicating the beginning of the post-meridian (afternoon/evening) period. Ludwig AI suggests that its usage is often unclear without additional context.
Frequent in
Science
30%
News & Media
30%
Encyclopedias
20%
Less common in
Formal & Business
10%
Academia
5%
Reference
5%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "onset of pm" refers to the beginning of the afternoon or evening, but its meaning can be ambiguous without sufficient context. Ludwig AI suggests that, while grammatically acceptable, it's not always clear. For improved clarity, consider using specific times or alternative phrases like "start of the afternoon". When using "onset of pm", make sure the context is explicit to avoid misinterpretation. Due to the potential for ambiguity, it is best to specify the exact time instead. Though acceptable, clarity and precision are paramount when communicating the start of a time period.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
start of the afternoon
Replaces "onset" with "start" and specifies "afternoon" for clarity.
beginning of the afternoon
Similar to the previous, but uses "beginning" instead of "start".
early part of the afternoon
Focuses on the "early part" to convey the beginning.
commencement of the afternoon
Uses a more formal term, "commencement", to indicate the beginning.
outset of the afternoon
Employs "outset" as a synonym for "onset", focusing on the initial stage.
opening of the afternoon
Highlights the afternoon's initial phase using the term "opening".
dawn of the afternoon
Uses "dawn" metaphorically to suggest the beginning of the afternoon.
initial phase of the afternoon
More descriptive, specifying "initial phase" instead of a single-word synonym.
kickoff of the afternoon
Informal alternative using "kickoff" to imply the start of activities in the afternoon.
start of post-meridian hours
More technical substitution, indicating the beginning of the post-meridian (PM) period.
FAQs
What does "onset of pm" mean?
The phrase "onset of pm" refers to the start of the afternoon or evening period. However, its meaning isn't always clear, so it's best to provide additional context or use alternative phrasing like "start of the afternoon".
How can I make my writing clearer than using "onset of pm"?
To enhance clarity, consider using more precise language. Instead of "onset of pm", try specifying a time (e.g., "12:00 pm") or using descriptive phrases like "early afternoon" or "beginning of the evening".
Are there more formal ways to say "onset of pm"?
While "onset of pm" isn't inherently informal, more formal alternatives include "commencement of the afternoon" or referring to specific post-meridian hours.
When is it appropriate to use "onset of pm"?
It's most appropriate when the context clearly indicates the start of a particular activity or period in the afternoon or evening. If there's potential for confusion, rephrasing is advisable.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
84%
Authority and reliability
3.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested