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Combining our functional data with an analysis of the crystal structure of granzyme B suggests that the necessary motifs for granzyme B loading into lytic granules are dispersed throughout the primary amino acid sequence and are only functional when contiguous in the tertiary structure.
Indeed, Nup53 is only functional when it dimerizes probably because this increases the avidity of the Nup53 membrane interaction.
In this study, we test the predictions that biotic interactions between EFN plants and ants are abundant and common also in arid communities and that EFNs are only functional when new vegetative and reproductive structures are developing.
The C4-PR alone exhibits very low transcriptional activity in all interior leaf cell types of transgenic F. bidentis [ 37], indicating that the cis-regulatory elements for enhanced expression are only functional when the C4-PR is combined with the cognate C4-DR.
Although this model requires further confirmation, critical contributions of the transmembrane span in signaling are also confirmed by the fact that chimera of the ECDs of HER3 and the cytoplasmic domains of HER2 are only functional when connected through the stronger self-associating transmembrane span of HER2 [ 11] but not with the corresponding segment of HER3 [ 41].
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Instead, the film stays focused on a three-man bomb squad, and in particular their sergeant (Jeremy Renner), who seems only fully functional when in the face of danger.
Some orphan receptors may only be functional when they form a heterodimer.
It has been demonstrated that some MADS domain transcription factors are localised in the cytoplasm when an interaction partner is absent and only become functional when they enter the nucleus after dimerisation [ 11- 13, 24].
Rpn11 alone is not active (Yao & Cohen 2002), and in complex with Rpn8 it displays low activity (Pathare et al. 2014), suggesting that it is only fully functional when embedded into the 26S proteasome.
In addition to a trivial explanation in which dsiB undergoes low-efficiency translation that is variable at the C-terminus, it may be that dsiB is only fully functional when encoded on the circularized element, or alternatively when encoded on the chromosome downstream of an adjacent genomic island containing the requisite 3' gene fragment.
Wu and colleagues consider that microRNAs, as agents of stabilization, may only be phenotypically functional when homeostasis is perturbed [51].
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