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Due to sparseness of the data and risk of overfitting we also calculated a simple model only adjusting for age and sex that did not show major differences in estimates compared to Model 1.
When only adjusting for age, all variables were significantly associated with psychological distress in both genders.
The second was a more basic model only adjusting for duration of diabetes, previous history of hypoglycaemia and baseline HbA1c.
We first analysed the variance attributable to differences between prison health services, only adjusting for length of imprisonment (Table 2).
Nevertheless, main analyses were repeated after only adjusting for factors that differed significantly in their distribution between cases and controls.
A statistically significant association between O3 and average sperm count at all time periods was found when only adjusting for the base model.
Similar(41)
Due to a small sample size, the multivariable models were only adjusted for the surgery type; additional adjustment would have led to over-adjusted models.
The fully adjusted odds ratios were compared to those only adjusted for age and sex.
The most limited adjustments are in the Lung Health study [ 56] which only adjusted for baseline cigarettes/day, the Houston study [ 85], where results were only available adjusted for current/former smoking, and the German study [ 84], which appeared to present results for ever smokers but only adjusted for total amount smoked, without taking quitting into account.
However, the latter only adjust for age, sex, and migration/language status.
Econometric methods can only adjust for selection bias by relying on assumptions that should approximately be met.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com