A hologram is made by splitting a laser beam in two, aiming one half on the object to be depicted and then recombining it with the other half, the reference beam.
By reflecting each half beam back, one can then superpose the two half beams and observe the resultant total.
A full-scale wheelset is mounted on the top of two rollers with real rail profiles and connected through primary suspensions to a transversal beam representing one half of the bogie frame.
After the ultimate shear load, the strengthened beams exhibit an almost complete loss of load carrying capacity within a very small deflection range (about one half of that of the control beam); this is due to the loss of stiffness caused by side cover delamination and/or rupture of sheet.
One can allow one of these half beams to travel in direction A and the other in direction B, as shown in Figure 4.
Specimens HC-2.0 and HC-3.5 represent HPFRCC coupling beams having bundled diagonal reinforcement and one half the code-required amount of transverse reinforcement.
wide, as three and one half sheets covered 1,066.8 mm (42 in). of the beam's length, as shown in Figure 2a,b,c for tests 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
Primary tumor site and upper neck node bearing areas were irradiated by two parallel opposing fields with half beam technique, and lower neck and supraclavicular nodes by matched anterior one field.
One half of the structure is devoted to the transmission optics which includes a telescope, beacon tracker, beam steering, and optical interface with the quantum source.
No matter where the beam is excited, the energy flows along the beam in the positive and negative directions are the same in magnitude and equal to one half of the transmitted power.
