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"I can offer you a $30 discount and one additional driver at no extra charge, although we normally charge $6 a day," he said.
We study the dynamics of tumor growth as one additional driver mutation is acquired.
Here, we study how one additional driver mutation affects tumor growth.
Mutant cells have one additional driver mutation with respect to resident cells.
It defines the emergence probability of the next subclone with one additional driver.
Since the initial population consists of 10 cells, in the absence of treatment, a mutant cell with one additional driver and associated fitness 2 s will appear very rapidly.
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Resistant phenotypes subsequently increase in frequency during radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and through competitive release they may incorporate one or more additional drivers, resulting in accelerated growth compared to the original tumour (for related discussion on pathogens, see Huijben et al., 2013).
If you're an Nvidia GeForce user, you'll need to execute one additional step to get a proper graphics driver installed.
The effects of additional driver mutations depend on the driver mutation rate.
When a resident cell divides, one of the two daughter cells can receive an additional driver mutation (making it a mutant) with probability u (Fig. 1).
The other three patients exhibit an expansion of clones harbouring del 8p) with additional driver mutations (EP300, MLL2 and EIF2A), with one patient developing trans-differentiation into CD19-negative histiocytic sarcoma.
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