There are, however, two reasons for thinking that initial metaphysical insights are based not on mere whim but on valid grounds.
4. Raz allows that some offensive behaviour can be by its nature harmful and therefore a candidate for coercion on that basis, but he disallows offence as an independently valid ground.
Legal experts disagreed on whether the Senate had valid grounds to exclude Mr. Burris.
Judge Jorge Labarga of Palm Beach County Circuit Court ruled that because the negligence claim depended on finding a product defect, there are no valid grounds for the award in the liability suit filed by Mr. Grunow's widow, Pam.
In principle, there are valid grounds for trying some accused terrorists in military courts.
They travelled on valid passports.
Most published legal analysis agreed that it would make little difference, as interpretation of the statute varies considerably from case to case and court to court, and a prosecutor could argue that Cooper had forfeited immunity on any of several valid technical grounds.
Here, Kant takes objective sufficiency to imply valid theoretical grounds, such as evidence or theoretical argument; he takes subjective sufficiency, by contrast, to imply valid practical grounds.
The authors are therefore confident that the findings are valid and grounded in the data.
However, awards such as the Bharat Ratna have been held to be valid by the Supreme Court on the ground that they are merely decorations and cannot be used by the recipient as a title.
It is axiomatic that a study that is poorly designed and cannot produce valid conclusions is unethical on this ground alone.
