Surely, an industry whose business model depends on all of us taking on "externalities" like droughts, wildfires, floods, and hurricanes, could chip in a few extra bucks for disaster relief?
Rochet and Tirole (2004) establish that, because pricing to one side is designed with an eye on externalities on the other side, standard pricing principles often do not apply.
On the neighbourhood network, interaction effect amplifies the impact of externality effect on converged adoption rate and largely reduces that on diffusion speed, which leads the adoption rate to converge to a lower value but at a higher speed.
On the neighbourhood network, the average degree enlarges the impact of externality effect on converged adoption rate, but dilutes its impact on convergence speed.
More modestly, it recognizes that government might have to give the market the odd regulatory or fiscal nudge so that it puts a price on "externalities" that are currently freebies, such as pumping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
In the novel I did have to invent Auschwitz and bring it to life; I could not fall back on externalities, on so-called historical facts outside the novel; everything had to come into being hermetically, through the magic of the language and composition.
We report the results of a meta-analysis based on the literature on externalities from FDI.
This could be where the contract holder's customer demand is based on externalities which are unpredictable or otherwise out of the holder's direct control.
Although external costs values obtained were low, an improvement was achieved in the trade-off between design criteria and consequences on externalities.
Bracketing arguments based on externalities, it seems perfectly plausible to maintain that the state is justified in interfering with transactions only if one party is violating the other's rights.
