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Regarding ionic changes in the hemolymph, changes in Na+ and Cl− generally paralleled those in osmotic concentrations in response to high and low salinity exposure as well as to water deprivation, and it is likely that altered osmolality of the hemolymph under varying environmental conditions was based for the most part on altered levels of Na+ and Cl− (Wilder et al. 1998).
Third, in common with other transcriptomic studies the produced gene sets are based on altered levels of mRNA and assume parallel, but not confirmed, changes in protein abundance [ 34].
Also, there are reports on altered levels of expression of the same gene in different species [ 73], thereby exhibiting enormous diversity in expression efficiency.
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The hypothesis that endothelial cells are involved in the development of posttransplant complications is largely based on the observations of altered levels of endothelial markers either prior to [ 9], or during the development of the complications [ 3– 5, 10– 13].
Based on seminal data from multiple laboratories it was hypothesized that the mechanism of carcinogenesis induced by folate depletion might include both genetic damage consequent to altered availability of dTTP, and epigenetic damage consequent to altered levels of AdoMet [ 8, 9].
Treatment with different doses of ALEx has profound effect on the altered level of renal function parameters.
To evaluate the preventive effects of NAC on the altered level of differentially expressed miRNAs, we selected three miRNAs successfully or marginally validated between FAP and DEP (i.e., miR-144, miR-21, miR-30e) for comparison of the expression levels post-DEN and post-DEP, among those nine participants who provided sufficient blood under the DEN condition for analysis.
The effects on Aβ phenotypes correlated with altered levels of the peptide, suggesting that FKBP52 may affect Aβ turnover.
It is well-known that mycoplasma can have adverse effects on cell cultures such as altered levels of protein and of RNA/DNA synthesis, induction of chromosomal aberrations, changes in cell membrane composition and modification of cellular morphology [ 1, 2].
An influence of SNPs in these two genes on breast cancer risk, mediated by altered levels of estrogens, was plausible, due to the known physiology of steroid hormone stimulation.
In addition, altered levels of Wwox resulted in altered levels of endogenous reactive oxygen species.
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