Exact(3)
Simulations have been performed in 90 nm CMOS on a single bit full adder.
In the previous section, we described a basic attack that, on each experiment, induces a fault on a single bit of intermediate state of the last round.
The basic attack which requires to induce a fault on a single bit of nibbles at the input of the last round requires 48 faulty cipher texts on average, and the extended attack which retrieves the master key induces a fault on a nibble of the intermediate states and requires 18 faulty cipher texts on average.
Similar(57)
The quantization loss thus introduced by this approximation comprises the effect of a single bit on the whole frame and it is therefore negligible.
Figure 2 An example of an injection of a single bit fault on S 31.
Obviously, the injection of a single bit fault for a nibble of S 31 generates a faulty nibble at the output of last round's S-box layer, and single bit faults injection on several nibbles of S 31 generates several faulty nibbles at the output of last round's S-box layer.
Injection of a single-bit fault on the j th nibble of S 31, S 31 N j, can be on S 31 N 0 j, S 31 N 1 j, S 31 N 2 j, or S 31 N 3 j.
We use binary amplitude modulation (BAM) to modulate a single bit on each subchannel.
Each transistor on a memory chip normally stores a single "bit" of information, by acting as a switch that is either off or on.
You won't miss a single bit of action on transfer deadline day with the BBC.
"There wasn't a single bit of published data on the mechanism of action," says Sam Sisodia of the University of Chicago in Illinois.
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