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In a first attempt to extract the transmittance phase, Yacoby et al.[4] performed transport measurements on a closed interferometer with a QD inserted in one arm, the phase being extracted from a simple two-path interference formula.
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If a gate potential is applied on a QD inserted in one arm of a mesoscopic ring (i.e., a closed interferometer), the result in conductance would be the asymmetric Fano resonances.
Closed/open interferometers: A closed interferometer is actually a mesoscopic ring connected to two leads, also named two-terminal interferometer.
Scheme of a QD connected to the sites α and β connected to each other to form a closed interferometer.
(2). Figure 1 QD connected to sites α and β and to each other forming a closed interferometer.
At this point, it is important to stress that even if the open interferometer solves the problem of multiple interferences, it also has a number of important drawbacks from experimental point of view, in comparison with the closed interferometer: a substantially reduced signal and some uncertainties regarding the influence of the base zones themselves on the measured phase.
If we apply this interpretation to some existing experiments[24, 25] which focused on the Fano effect in closed interferometers (but did not discuss the phase problem), a non-universality of the phase-lapse aspect can be suggested, as one can notice Fano lines in the same but also in the opposite sign of the Fano parameter.
Bearing in mind the mentioned drawbacks of the open interferometer, our goal in this paper is to show what phase information can be extracted from closed interferometers.
The procedure depended on a Michelson interferometer, a sensitive optical device that compares the optical path lengths for light moving in two mutually perpendicular directions.
Fig. 1 FD-OCT system based on a Michelson interferometer.
Fig. 5 Schematic design of OCT based on a Michelson interferometer.
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