Chief executive Liz Sayce says: "This particular sector has very strong pressures partly because the way that contracting and commissioning has been working often disadvantages smaller organisations.
Stella discusses how cross-border HE often disadvantages developing countries as they are unable to participate effectively in the global trading system [ 2].
2 Possessing attributes of high steric bulk and low nucleophilicity, without any β-hydrogen atoms (the presence of which often disadvantages its diisopropylamido analogue 3 through β-hydride decomposition), 1 is usually employed as its lithium salt, LiTMP, which exists as a cyclotetramer in the crystal.
Built upon the assumptions underlying the post-war employment model, eligibility criteria for social insurance benefits often disadvantage workers with short and interrupted work records (Berton et al. 2012; Clasen and Clegg 2011; Hinrichs and Jessoula 2012).
Amartya Sen shows how social norms that devalue women's unpaid work in the household often disadvantage women in intra-household bargaining.
In Indonesia, the Javanese have dominated political life, while power in other Southeast Asian countries has tended to remain with lowland peoples such as the Vietnamese in Vietnam and the Burmans in Myanmar; in those areas, upland tribal peoples such as the Hmong (in Vietnam) or the Shan (in Myanmar) often face disadvantages.
Generally, high tumour internalization of a radioconjugate is considered beneficial for radiometals such as 111In, since internalization of a residualizing radiometal will cause long tumour retention times, often outweighing disadvantages of radiometals such as accumulation in the liver, spleen and kidneys [37].
In contrast, excluded individuals experience a set of multiple, and often entrenched, disadvantages including limited social support and networks, inadequate financial resources, and poor employment and health [ 14].
While litigation, arbitration and third-party mediation are the main avenues available to resolve medical disputes [ 2], these methods often have disadvantages from the point of view of economics, efficiency, and in some cases legal perspectives.
But he fails to point out another, often overlooked, disadvantage: Norway, being on the outside, pays far more for the privilege of trading in the single market than it would if it were a member of the Union.
In most of these applications, the typical surface sensitivity of the nanowire structure is often a disadvantage.
