Sentence examples for offspring values from inspiring English sources

One way to measure the heritability of a behavioral trait is to determine the average values of the behaviour for the parents and offspring in a sample of families within a population and calculate the linear relationship between offspring values and parental values.

The rationale for using mean offspring values was that paternal TL was only sampled once (and made age-independent using residuals from a TRF-age at sampling regression).

Genetic correlations (rA) were estimated by regressing average offspring values of trait X on average parent values of trait Y, and vice versa, in accordance with the methods described in [4].

The effect of Hsp90 on h2 and VA for qualitative traits was confirmed previously [6], and an effect of Hsp90 on h2 and VA of SC was calculated from the slope of the regression of the mean offspring values from sets of parents of increasing mean scutellar bristle number using offspring estimates of mean SC from crosses which had >20 F1 progeny.

To facilitate comparisons with other studies, we first used the standard method for analysing cross-foster experiments, which is based on using offspring values alone [ 49].

Positive correlation between the value of a phenotype in an offspring and the mean value in parents provides evidence of a heritable component in the variation of the phenotype and the slope of the linear regression line relating parent mean to offspring values can be used as an estimate of the narrow-sense heritability [ 24- 26].

Many animals actively defend their offspring using a range of behaviours from calling and mobbing in birds, to physical grappling in crustaceans, and the expression of these behaviours positively scale with offspring value.

Finally, we can get a sense of the heritability of a trait by finding the slope of the regression line on the plots of offspring value for a trait graphed with parental value.

We calculated heritabilities of the eight traits by regressing the average offspring trait values on average parent values, henceforth referred to as the parent-offspring model.

By convention, the ancestral clone is assigned a fitness value of 1 and offspring a value of 1+s, where values of s are drawn from an exponential distribution f(s) = αe−αs, with α = 42.5 [11].

An individual occupying the feeding-ground reserve could mate with an individual that occupies the feeding ground's harvested area, resulting in offspring trait values that will average between the two parental trait values.