In particular, Siegel et al. (2003) and Mendolia (2014) both adopted a narrower definition of job loss by restricting their analyses to only those made redundant, arguing that redundancies are not the consequences of worker behaviour.
This amount of QMP mimics a live queen in assays of worker behaviour and physiology [70].
However, while the five component QMP blend is a potent modulator of worker behaviour and physiology, it is still not as potent as a live queen, suggesting that additional pheromonal components may exist.
These data provide unprecedented empirical data to assess the molecular mechanisms for the evolutionary development of worker behaviour using a subsocial bee.
In line with theoretical predictions, our data are consistent with the maternal heterochrony hypothesis for the evolutionary development of worker behaviour in subsocial bees.
These data provide the first evidence for maternal heterochrony as a probable proximate mechanism for the evolutionary development of worker behaviour using a subsocial bee.
In line with theoretical predictions, our data provide support for the maternal heterochrony hypothesis for the evolutionary development of worker behaviour in solitary bees.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms that drive these dwarf eldest daughters to perform altruistic behaviours can provide insight into the evolution of worker behaviour, which is the foundation for the evolution of eusocial societies.
If maternal care is the basis for the evolution of worker behaviour, then the maternal heterochrony hypothesis (MHH) predicts that gene expression associated with sibling care by offspring would be coupled with parental care exhibited by mothers.
