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An exact analytical expression of threshold pump power is obtained.
In particular, the dependence on Er3+ concentration and laser size of threshold pump power and quantum efficiency is discussed.
The measured value of threshold pump power is comparable with the best results obtained in QD microlasers.
Furthermore, the dependence of threshold pump intensity on the excitation area agrees well with the random laser theory.
The evolution of threshold pump powers for the MRs with D = 2 and 1.5 μm with the increase in inner MR diameters is summarized in Figure 6.
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Then the effects of Yb3+ concentration, fiber length, core radius and mirror reflectivity on threshold pump power are discussed in detail, separately.
Fig. 6 Square of the relaxation oscillation frequency (f ro) of the two longitudinal laser modes as a function of P P=P th, with P P the pump power and P th the threshold pump power of the lowest threshold mode.
Devices based on mixed-order gratings and F80.9BT0.1 as the gain material showed laser emission under pulsed excitation (excitation wavelength, λ = 450 nm; pulse duration, 5 ns) with a threshold pump fluence of 3.3 kW cm−2 (Fig. 2a and Supplementary Fig. 2), in line with state-of-the-art organic DFB lasers27,28.
The maximum output power of the laser is 105 mW and the slope conversion efficiency is 4.58% with the threshold pump power of 2.9 W.
Such a characteristic greatly improves the performance of optical switch by reducing the threshold pump intensity.
The dye laser is optically pumped normal to the chip plane at 532 nm by a pulsed, frequency doubled Nd YAG laser and lasing is observed with a threshold pump pulse energy flux of around 55 μJ/mm2.
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