First, they were given material to memorize, followed by a 12-minute test of their recall.
"Waiting disenfranchises all voters for the next seven months," Mr. Diamond wrote, "stripping them of their recall right and potentially protecting the present governor from the people's will".
In addition, students who used the Colorful Design outperformed students who used the Neutral Design in terms of their recall scores.
Patients are allowed up to 2 minutes to recall the story and are allocated a score of 0, 1 or 2 depending on the accuracy of their recall.
Asking people to draw their skin changes and developing melanomas was of value to a number of participants, allowing them to describe subtle changes in more detail, and also to corroborate the accuracy of their recall of timing and events.
Finally, our reliance on the retrospective recollections may have resulted in the omission of key details and/or heightened the bias of their recall of events when compared with a prospective approach to data collection.
They were classified on the basis of their Recall score into the control group (high score: 3 or 2) (n = 3,696) or the low score group (score: 1 or 0) (n = 151).
Students who process information visually (imagine what they hear), however, usually outperform students who process information in an auditory manner in terms of their recall ability (Revak and Porter, 2001).
At baseline, a consistent pattern we found was that those who had not visited the ED or who had visited it only once were highly confident of their recall accuracy, while some of those who had visited the ED multiple times had difficulty recalling the exact numbers (e.g., "I am not sure if it was three or four times").
A third limitation is that participants' experiences were based on their recall of past encounters of ethical issues.
Fourth, they were tested on their recall of the memorized items.
