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Calpers then encouraged employees to use those facilities and made them responsible for charges in excess of the reference price.
Retail gas prices for households and district heating companies constitute only 26%and57%57 % of the reference price, respectively.
In comparison, current prices for industry and state-funded institutions are equal to 81%% of the reference price because tariffs for these consumer groups are based on the import gas price.
Drugs priced below 30percentnt of the reference price are exempted from regular co-payments.
In Germany, mesalazine is part of the reference price system (Festbetrag) which defines costs per mg depending on pack size.
Medicines are reimbursed at 80% of the reference price; medical procedures (consultations, examinations and tests) are also reimbursed at 80%.
Similar(46)
In particular, when the drug retail price was higher than the corresponding reimbursement one, the payer cost was calculated based on the reference price minus the patient co-payment (25%), plus 50% of the difference between reference price and retail prices.
The reference price system (RPS) limits the reimbursement of drugs by establishing a maximum level of reimbursement (the reference price) for a group of pharmaceutical products, called a cluster.
Furthermore, elasticities of both the reference price and price discount were larger for the low- than for the high-SES group.
Along with the definition of the size of a cluster, the reference price is the second most important component that defines a RPS.
This paper examines the effects of the reference pricing program implemented by the California Public Employees Retirement System (CalPERS) in 2012.
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