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The design method of the preload mechanism by using piezoelectric actuators is presented.
The influence of the preload force on friction is introduced as an additional load-dependent friction in the preload domain.
As expected, increasing the energy content of the preload significantly altered VAS ratings and decreased EI at the testmeal.
The effect of the preload of original column on the ultimate strength of steel-jacket retrofitted column is limited.
The bolt retightening tests show that some of the preload in the connections can be maintained with periodic retightening of the bolts.
The effects of the preload and pre-damage of original column could be unfavourable on the cyclic performance of retrofitted column.
Similar(20)
It is found that the stiffness of the preloading springs and the distance of compression for preloading are the key parameters of the detachment.
Influence of the preloading on delamination areas (total and projected) was quantified and found sensitive to the preloading.
They were alternately attached during the experiments to compare the geometry effect of the preloading probe (Figure 2c).
The objective of the present paper was to evaluate these geometry effect of the preloading probe on insertion accuracy with respect to tumor diameter and location.
In addition, all trials were performed with two tumor depths to reveal the geometry effect of the preloading probe with respect to the initial tumor location.
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