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Zinc fingers may also make technically possible a morally fraught procedure that has been merely a theoretical possibility — the alteration of the human germ line, meaning the egg or sperm cells.
Even though inserting the gene into germ cells might prevent disease in the next generation, the agencies consider that alteration of the human germ line is so profound a step that it should not be attempted without further discussion.
Yet, considerations about the impact of potential future alteration of the human germ line played a prominent role already in debates ahead of the first clinical trials with somatic gene therapy in 1985 (Anderson, 1985; Fletcher, 1985).
This underlines the importance of using human differentiation systems to understand the biology of the human germ cell lineage as well as specific reproductive problems.
H1x is found throughout vertebrates, but clear orthologs of the human germ cell variants H1t, H1T2, Hils1 and H1oo are restricted to mammals.
Notably, hPGCLCs evidently represent the earliest stages of the human germ cell lineage, indicating that our in vitro model provides an important opportunity to explore the mechanism of hPGC specification, which is otherwise not possible because E9 E14 postimplantation human embryos are excluded from investigations.
Similar(54)
The risks of altering the human germ line, as it is called, has troubled ethicists for decades.
The mere idea of altering the human germ line has caused excitement as well as fears since decades.
A gene therapy treatment for hemophilia B might be of great benefit, he said, and would need to be weighed against the risks, including that of inadvertently modifying the human germ line.
I am also extremely anxious about the technical scope in the area of medicinal products modifying the human germ line as well as those derived from human-animal hybrids, as these techniques greatly affect human dignity.
In this unusual situation, the editorial decision to publish this study should not be viewed as an endorsement of this practice nor an encouragement of similar attempts, but rather the sounding of an alarm to draw immediate attention to the urgent need to rein in applications of gene-editing technologies, especially in the human germ cells or embryos.
Related(20)
of the human reproductive
of the human embryo
of the human heart
of the human embryonic
of the human disease
of the human microbial
of the human gene
of the human organism
of the fundamental germ
of the human origin
of the human microbe
of the human illness
of the human cell
of the human nucleus
of the human bacterial
of the ectodermal germ
of the human variety
of the human cadaver
of the Japanese germ
of the presidential germ
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