In contrast to previous studies, the analysis is conducted at the sectoral-level, where the sectors are based on the technological classification originating from Pavitt [Pavitt, K., 1984. Sectoral patterns of technical change. Research Policy 13, 343 373].
Van der Panne and Dolfsma (2003) used micro-data of Dutch firms which were operationalized in terms of the TH dimensions (Storper 1997): (1) postal codes which indicate the region, etc., in the geographic dimension; (2) technological classifications (NACE codes of the OECD);d and (3) firm sizes indicating the economic dynamics (e.g., small- and medium-sized enterprises versus large corporations).
Researchers have measured firms' technological or knowledge proximities with a variety of measures based on patent data, including Euclidean distances (using the technological classifications listed on patents), and overlap in cited patents.
We assess the technological focus of patents along the core trajectory of knowledge generation, identified through a patent-citation network analysis, and link it to a classification of technological problems into different levels in the design hierarchy.
Journal of Economic Literature classification: technological change (O3); technological change: choices and consequences (O33); economic growth and aggregate productivity: comparative studies (O57).
The provided values of indoor space characteristics Cs and Ls may be used in a wide range of technological building applications, including comparisons and classifications of indoor spaces, design and selection of construction materials and furnishing as well as the investigation of effects from electric equipment, windows or doors opening, short-time ventilations, brief stay of visitors, etc.
Although the methods presented have broad applications, an extensive example exploring various measures of technological similarity based on the USPTO patent classification system is included.
This classification is necessary from a methodological viewpoint because the level of technological development determines the real possibility of sugarcane energy use.
Current measures of technological distance or similarity typically ignore a great deal of the information contained within the classification taxonomies upon which they are based.
The first is of technological hubris.
