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Our data suggests that this may be the case for at most 5% of all structures determined from XRPD; for the majority of cases suspicious structures are just the result of substandard data collection, substandard structure solution or substandard Rietveld refinement.
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None of these factors were found to be independent predictors of substandard medicines (data not shown).
The unfairness provision of Section 5 is a vital tool in protecting consumers from companies with substandard data security.
In addition, the potential of a database with continuously growing categories of substandard factors cannot be used as a data source for future research.
There are plenty of reviews and reflection papers [ 11- 13], but recent reliable data on the prevalence of substandard drugs are lacking [ 14].
The WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network has recognized the paucity of high-quality published data on the topic of substandard drugs and has established a pilot database of reports on antimalarial drug quality 118.
Many investigators [ 3- 5, 8- 10] have conducted validation studies of International Classification of Disease 9th Revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) coding focusing on individual data items, certain clinical conditions and complications of substandard care.
Of the 417 exercise tests, we excluded 67 because of substandard quality of the recording and eight because of missing data on covariates, leaving 342 exercise tests for analyses.
If a Fog node is compromised by means such as account hijacking or exploiting system and application vulnerabilities, the data can be falsified, which could ultimately result in the sale of substandard and low-quality food products.
Data from publications were included and tabulated if they provided examples of the marketing of substandard drugs, based on analytical or clinical evidence.
These data are based on samples tested by the state authorities between 1995 and 2003; the extent of substandard drugs varied from 8.19 to 10.64 percent and counterfeit drugs varied between 0.24 and 0.47 percent [3].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com