Sentence examples for of selection limits from inspiring English sources

Haplotype information enables the estimation of selection limits.

The reason that this effect has been missed is that theoretical studies have treated w ¯ as a fixed parameter (or, equivalently, they hold population size fixed, as in Robertson's theory of selection limits [ 28]).

These parameters generally confirm the strong levels of heterozygosity within the chaetognath population but also the occurrence of selection limiting nucleotide variation in both coding and noncoding regions.

In the context of local adaptation, temporal reproductive barriers may be targets of selection limiting the exchange of potentially maladapted alleles between populations living in contrasting habitats (i.e. the process of reinforcement).

Moreover, another common way of increasing selection limits is to switch the selection rule from truncation selection to optimum contribution selection (OCS).

As full-length elements are the only elements capable of transposition, selection limiting the spread of full-length copies could reduce the transposition rate and the number of new nLTR-RT copies, contributing to the low copy number of most families.

We assumed absence of migration, mutation, and epistasis for estimating of theoretical selection limit based on the predicted marker effects (Zhao et al. 2015).

The assessment of long-term selection gain was based on the parameters of theoretical selection limit and genetic representativeness as suggested previously (Zhao et al. 2015).

The nature of this selection limit is as yet unknown, but does not appear to be simply an exhaustion of additive genetic variance for wheel running (unpublished results).

After discussing these questions we highlight important limitations to population genetic analyses including challenges with obtaining high-quality data, deciding which loci are targets of selection, and limits to identifying the genetic basis of local adaptation.

The probability to produce an offspring with a breeding value higher than 8 σa is 0.14%, which is only one third of the selection limit, which illustrates that animals from the current population are far from the selection limits.