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We use age-range correlations, and we compare numbers of sister species pairs showing zero or complete range overlap to expectations generated via simulations of random range movements following speciation.
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The upper limit of the "random" range, which typifies thoroughly shuffled sequences, scales as 1/√ n, where n is the number of bases in the window.
Ma's team assayed a panel of 12 secreted proteins and found a large (albeit not statistically random) range of functional phenotypes within a tightly defined T-cell phenotype [ 4].
Stanton uses a brilliantly random range of descriptive language such as "a great big beefer of a cherry tree" to create a feast of playful energy.
In both species the mechanisms used to create repertoire diversity appear designed to generate a random range of antigen binding sites.
The simulation results showed the 17.1% was less than the maximum random range of 7.3%.
For theoretical calculations, we have computed the average arc length for the case of random sensing range using (A.22) in the appendix, and then substituted the resulting into the approximate formula (14).
The existence of undetected direct path (UDP) conditions causes occurrence of unexpected large random ranging errors which pose a serious challenge to precise indoor localization using time of arrival (ToA).
Similarly, for the case when we included duplications, the average F-score similarity of modules between any pair of random initializations ranged from 76%to99%9% for the extant species, and ranged from 77%to98%8% for ancestral species.
Colonization within populations is not affected by isolation by distance suggesting the occurrence of random short-range dispersal of detached vegetative fragments.
After that, a list of random numbers ranging from 0 to 30 was generated by Microsoft Excel software.
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