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This is the problem of peer disagreement.
Recently, treatments of peer disagreement have emerged that are neither strictly conciliatory nor steadfast.
Conversely, the more substantial the original evidence, the less substantial the epistemic impact of peer disagreement, and the more rational it is to stick to one's guns.
Moss (2011), Lam (2013), and Levinstein (2015) describe principles that rational agents will obey in the presence of peer disagreement and provide accuracy-based arguments in their favour.
Elga (2010) discusses the problem of self-undermining and argues for a view on which conciliationism is the right response to cases of peer disagreement, except when the controversy is about how to respond to disagreement.
In cases of peer disagreement, I am therefore justified in sticking to my guns, even if I have no independent reason for thinking that I (rather than my peer) got things right.
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On Lackey's justificationist view, how one should respond to peer disagreement depends on one's degree of justified confidence before learning of the disagreement.
According to the total evidence view, what reaction to peer disagreement is reasonable depends both on the quality of one's original evidence and on the amount of evidence provided by the fact that my peer disagrees.
And the weight of this private evidence, it is argued, can make it reasonable for an individual to retain her beliefs (including exclusivistic religious beliefs) with the same level of confidence, even in the face of acknowledged peer disagreement in the public sense.
Such interactions created temporary moments of disagreement between peer supporters and participants predicated on contrasting perceptions of the purpose of peer support.
Similar patterns of peer feedback/interactional exchanges have been identified in electronic peer review activities, in addition to other patterns, including alterations (Bradley, 2014; Chang, 2012; Ho, 2015; Liou & Peng, 2009; Liu & Sadler, 2003) as well as agreements and disagreements (Di Giovanni & Nagaswami, 2001) and advice exchanges (Tuzi, 2004).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com