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Although many older buildings in Japan have been retrofitted with new bracing since the Kobe quake, there are many rural residences of older construction that are made of very light wood that would be highly vulnerable to damage.
The investigated five-story building was conceived as a representative of older construction intended for neurological rehabilitation health clinic in Albania.
To achieve this goal, a two-span, substandard single-column bent RC bridge, typical of older construction practice, is utilized as a reference bridge to illustrate the impact of repair jacket application on damaged bridges subjected to AS attacks.
This is of interest for two reasons: First, blaNDM is known to be locally prevalent and was found in 5 of 68 (7%) sequenced, nonoutbreak clinical isolates in this study, and second, the hospital is of older construction and potentially less amenable to infection control.
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There's also the issue of lead in the soil, due to vehicle exhaust and remnants of old construction.
The deserter reportedly had built himself a home out of old construction materials on the outskirts of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, and made a living by working on a private pig farm and collecting scrap, among other odd jobs.
(Heavy metals are common contaminants in city soil because of vehicle exhaust and remnants of old construction. Some studies have found that such ground can be cultivated as long as the pH is kept neutral).
Due to large number of load reversals the effect of cumulative damage on structural components due to deterioration becomes critical for steel buildings of old construction but may also become critical for buildings designed based on current seismic provisions.
The SPEAR structure is a three-storey building representative of old constructions in southern European countries, without specific provisions for earthquake resistance Mola and Negro (2005).
It was found that for rehabilitations or old constructions an improvement cannot be expected and especially in case of old constructions seems to depend on their service life.
On the other hand, the waste generated from the demolition of old structure and construction activity is a matter of concern all over the world.
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