The indices were constructed using weighted average approach to measure households' access to a set of livelihood assets and climate change exposures (Hahn et al. 2009).
The central thesis in this study is that group-ranch-level-driven and/or collective action-based innovations in the management of livelihood assets are more socio-ecologically resilient in comparison with household/individual-driven innovations.
Interventions such as health equity funds (Bigdeli and Annear 2009), maternal voucher schemes (Ahmed and Khan 2011) or conditional cash transfers (Lagarde et al. 2007) improve access to a number of livelihood assets and impact access to health services.
Factors contributing to the transmission of HIV include the lack of livelihood assets such as resources and food, external drivers caused by the natural hazard such as the inaccessibility of infrastructure and HIV services, unsafe camp conditions, and an increase in transactional sex as one very risky way to cope with the disaster.
The survey included a range of questions on livelihoods, assets, food security, agriculture, health, nutrition, water and sanitation, debt, and other key indicators to assess the well-being of households and individuals in flood-affected areas.
The livelihoods framework by DFID addresses the access to livelihood assets, including human, natural, financial, physical, and social capital, which depends on the scope of action.
This study aimed at understanding innovative pathways in the management of pastoral livelihood assets among the GRs in Laikipia County.
Emae communities, along with environmental stakeholders, are intimately aware of their livelihood assets and are beginning to address the large scale environmental and social challenges.
Specifically, education, experience, gender, and age are individual characteristics; household size (members), children, and older people of households mainly reflect households' demographic characteristics, while income, social support (financial help), distance to hazard sites, housing material, and other indicators mainly reflect characteristics of households' livelihood assets.
The capacity of these SESs to absorb disturbance and re-organise while undergoing change but still retain essentially the same function, structure and feedbacks indicates some level of resilience of the fundamental livelihood assets.
The Participatory Response Identification Matrix (PRIM) is a tool that uses assessment findings to facilitate discussions with local stakeholders in order to identify which interventions are most appropriate, feasible and timely, in the context of protecting and rebuilding livelihood assets.
