Yet it is hard to argue with success, other economists say, and China's success speaks well of its top-down strategy.
Economists like Gordon are fond of criticizing China for its top-down misallocations of physical capital, but few think deeply about the misallocation of human capital — and potential for realignment — within our own economy.
Economists like Gordon are fond of criticizing China for its top-down misallocations of physical capital, but few think deeply about the misallocation of human capital — and potential for realignment — within our own economy.
Unfortunately, traditional management will find itself ill-equipped to deal with these threats or take advantage of these opportunities, because its top-down command-and-control bureaucracy focused on transactions and outputs will be unable to engage in interactive conversations.
The government is damaging frontline patient care with its top-down reorganisation of the NHS.
Is art world 1.0, a system that has been in place for hundreds of years, ready to leave behind its top-down approach for a more user (artist) generated version 2.0?
More specifically, we will see that teachers' failure to take ownership of the reform, its top-down implementation, and lack of the necessary infrastructure have contributed to teachers' failure to align their language assessment practices to the newly introduced curriculum.
The GRRP is a perfect example of the ways in which the political culture of Bangladesh and its top-down political processes tend to undermine local water management systems and promote corporate and elite control over local natural resources.
At the same time, newspapers reported five rebels killed in army operations, and the exiled leadership of the banned Islamic Salvation Front said one of its top members was gunned down outside his home in northeastern Algeria.
All of its top holdings were down.
