It is worth expanding clinical research on aspects of QoL in future in order to optimize efficiency of increasing expenditure for the treatment and care of the elderly population.
Gross national income per capita was US$2000 in 1963 and only slightly increased to US$2200 in 1969 [ 24, 25], resulting in a health sector budget deficit in the face of increasing expenditure due to hospital fee exemptions, minimal fees for other health services, and an increasing population.
Canada's three granting councils received good news in the form of increased expenditures on research.
This might be because of increased expenditures and since children are now school-age, farm women are working off-farm to support household expenditures or since there are older children in family, there might be labor substitutability and farm women can work off-farm.
If one takes a close look at university and college budgets over the past few decades, one may be surprised to find that the rate of increased expenditures has been far greater for administrative offices - and new ways of supporting students and faculty members - than the growth in expenditures associated with the faculty and the basic educational needs of the university.
This may also be reflective of increased expenditures on eating out in the US, which accounts for 48% of consumer food spending [ 8].
In summary, the literature on the causes of increased expenditures for the elderly indicates that there might be a technological bias and changes in biological factors (morbidity).
McBride et al studied children whose parents were participating in smoking cessation trials in a managed care setting, finding no evidence of increased expenditures for children living with smokers [ 16].
In future, a nationwide regionalisation of ICUs in larger hospitals only may be a more economic way of facing the increasing expenditures for ICM.
Hypoxia is the most common phenomenon in solid tumours because of the increasing expenditure of oxygen by uncontrolled growth of the tumour cells.
