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Approximately 30 min after addition of germinants, the newly germinated cells start to divide [4], [12].
I do germination assays (counting the number of germinants from each of the scenarios) and record specific phenotypes.
The ability of germinants to reach their receptors in the inner spore membrane is essential for germination, and yet the mechanism for this is still not well understood.
l-Alanine alone (A1) and a mixture of germinants (A2) were used as specific nutrients as well as control without germinants (A3).
We assessed the species composition and abundance of germinants, seedlings, saplings, and larger trees in 167 stands of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Dougl ex. Loudon) in south central British Columbia.
The best performance was obtained in HSP units supplemented with l-alanine alone followed by the mixture of germinants whereas those HSP units without germinants supplementation had very poor H2 production.
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The average results for incubation temperature showed that independently of germinant addition, the mesophilic regime showed higher H2 production, likely related to more benign germination conditions, than thermophilic incubation.
To assay decrease in optical density, heat activated spores (see above) were added to 400 µL of germinant, giving a starting OD600 of 0.3 using a Genesys 10UV spectrophotometer (Spectronic Unicam, Rochester, NY).
5×103 spores were mixed with 2 mL of germinant, either 0.5 mM L-alanine with 1 mM inosine in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.4 (Gibco), or a solution of 60 mM CaCl2 and 60 mM dipicolinic acid (pH 8, adjusted with NaOH) in water.
The GerA family of germinant receptors are encoded by tricistronic ger operons, and bacilli and clostridia often contain multiple ger operons to sense different germinants.
B. subtilis spore membranes have a significantly higher CL content than membranes of exponentially growing cells, and CL appears to be essential to the proper functioning of germinant receptors [ 65].
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