All calculations for mean ƒV, VAMP, VTOT, PDA and ƒH were made for the pre-injection period (0 5 min) and for five post-injection periods of 5 min for each trout and the results were averaged for trout subjected to the same protocol.
3. Place a spoonful of tomato sauce on a half of each butterflied trout, and close up the fish.
However, because the exchange of migrants among rivers was not known, we estimated the effective population size (N e ) of each rainbow trout population using two different methods, one that assumes open populations using COLONY (Jones and Wang 2010) and one that assumes closed populations and random mating using LDNe (Waples and Do 2008).
Aquaculture propagule pressure – measured as the cumulative weighted distance to the fish farms – was a good predictor of the proportion of trout escapees in each study river (Fig. 3; multiple regression F2, 12 = 11.376, R = 0.655, P = 0.002; propagule pressure effect t = 4.689, P = 0.001, location effect t = 4.514, P = 0.001).
The first clade, termed dhpra, consists of most of the teleost sequences including pufferfishes, medaka, stickleback, the zebrafish sequence found on chromosome 14 and one copy each of salmon, trout and fathead minnow.
Within each group of trout receiving peptide, when the overall preceding two-way ANOVA analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences compared to vehicle-injected trout, Dunnett's test was used for comparisons of post-injection values with pre-injection values.
Minor-allele frequencies (MAF) ranged from 0.05 to 0.50 for each subspecies of cutthroat trout, and from 0.10 to 0.50 for rainbow trout (Table 3).
To verify that the discovered SNPs were able to differentiate subspecies of cutthroat trout from each other and from rainbow trout, DNA was extracted from an additional sixty cutthroat trout individuals representing ten trout lineages.
Tissues were collected from each strain of redband trout at multiple time points (Day 1, 3, 7, and 28) to test for both acclimatization within each strain and evolutionary adaptation between strains.
We tested for the effects of residence time by examining divergence of trout populations of different ages.
