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Phylogenetic analysis indicates that this strain is grouped with a series of distinct strains discovered in Vietnam and Laos [7], [17].
The MDV software could be particularly helpful to other biofilm-related fields using whole-genome profiling for comparison of multiple experimental conditions, such as comparative-transcriptome of distinct strains or in response to therapeutic agents.
Phylogenetic and distance analyses indicate that this strain is grouped with a series of distinct strains discovered in Vietnam and Laos that have been proposed to be a new genotype I. TreeOrderScan and GroupScan methods were used to study the intergenotype recombination of this special group.
Thus there is some conformity between biological characteristics and in vitro amplification efficiencies of distinct strains.
When coevolving with phage, bacteria diversify to form a set of distinct strains distributed symmetrically around the peak.
This n-gram set represents all possible n-grams in the reference genome set that includes a number of distinct strains of the same genus and species.
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The discovery of distinct strain differences also provides an opportunity to identify modifier genes in a defined setting that is not possible in humans.
The BayesDiallel model includes a comprehensive set of marginal effects that try to explain phenotypic variation through the linear combination of distinct strain-specific effects; but it also provides extensive scope for identifying statistical interactions between strains in the form of cross-specific effects (i.e., epistasis that may or may not depend on parent of origin and/or sex).
It is also possible that an unknown and therefore untested sequence variant (for example an indel or CNV) that is not tagged by a known SNP could be responsible, although this is unlikely since most indels have similar SDP to a neighbouring SNP, and only a limited number of distinct strain distribution patterns are ever observed in the founders at each locus [ 18].
Characterization of TSE isolates has provided evidence for distinct strains of particular prion diseases; for example, different strains of scrapie induce distinct pathologic profiles in rodent brain [ 3- 5].
Furthermore, our studies suggest that the same amino acid residues play critical roles in the emergence of structurally distinct strains of PrP23-144 amyloid fibrils within the same amino acid sequence.
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