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Nineteen samples of oral leukoplakia, six samples of lymph node metastases, and one hundred and two samples of head and neck carcinomas of different localisation were collected.
Our analysis employing techniques of period survival analysis using large German national dataset provided up-to-date estimates of 5-year relative survival expectations for subgroups of patients according to sex and age suffering from cancers of different localisation, morphology and extent, showing substantial survival heterogeneity between certain groups.
The most common primary tumors presenting with choroidal metastases are breast 40-533 %) [ 9, 26, 30– 32] and lung carcinoma 20-299 %) [ 9, 30, 33] but may also include tumors (2-42-4%ach) from the gastrointestinal tract, the kidney, the prostate and the skin [ 9, 30, 34– 39], as well as carcinoid tumors of different localisation including one reported case of a thymic carcinoid [ 40].
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Additionally, these samples were large resections of different localisations with sufficient tumour material for segmentation.
The literature includes comparisons with autoradiographic measurements or other semi-quantitative reference tissue methods for brain, heart and some tumour models of different localisations [ 39, 41].
The inclusion of different localisations of adenocarcinomas as stratification criterion in studies is a matter of debate because, according to centres and standards, the associated treatment strategies might differ significantly.
This difference may relate to different localisation of the NOSs or different products generated by the NOSs (e.g., eNOS/nNOS generating cytoprotective NO, whereas iNOS generating cytotoxic forms of NO, such as peroxynitrite).
Looking for possible cellular alterations, which may account for different localisation of ATP7A and ATP7B in the resistant cells, we compared acidification of the lysosomal and endosomal compartment in A2780 and A2780cis cell lines.
Similar protein localisation patterns in A2780 cells after incubation with H+-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 and in A2780cis cells suggest that defects in lysosomal/endosomal acidification in the A2780cis cell line may be responsible for different localisation of ATP7A and ATP7B.
The local ratio between CFP and YFP might vary due to different localisations of diverse protein constructs, which could lead to the calculation of false FRET values [51].
In line with these findings, it was shown recently (Rodriguez et al, 2002) that differences in the amino-acid sequence of the carboxy-terminal domain of survivin determine the different localisation of survivin in the cytoplasm and its splicing variant survivin ΔEx3 in the nucleus.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com