Sentence examples for of dead load from inspiring English sources
This paper presents an assessment procedure of highway bridge reliabilities under the limit state of extreme event Ⅰ, i. e., the combination of dead load, live load and earthquake load.
With present materials and the development of wire cable construction, it is quite possible to expand this length to 18,000 feet ; but before this limit is reached, the ratio of dead load to live load would be too great to make spans of this length economically justifiable.
Two different kinds of tests were carried-out, cyclic and monotonic, able to reproduce the serviceability and the ultimate conditions of the glass panels when subjected to the coupled effects of dead load and horizontal forces, the latter reproducing the wind action.
The critical factor affecting the required rotation capacity of the connections is found to be the level of dead load stress developed by a beam prior to hardening of the concrete, as this has a big influence on the beam deflections.
Zhai and Stewart (2010) presented a new theoretical equation with the material strength, types of live load, the ratio of dead load to live load, and the combination of the eccentricity and concentric load as parameters to establish the safety guideline for reinforced block walls in China, and verified the appropriateness of the equation through tests.
The use of dead load suppressed electrical breakdown, which enabled the elastomer actuator to survive the snap-through electromechanical instability.
Critical conclusions are drawn and it is recommended to consider the long-term effect of dead loads in seismic design to ensure structural seismic safety.
Modern cable-stayed bridges can be economically designed by applying optimum post-tensioning cable forces to achieve a minimum deflection and a uniform bending moment distribution in the bridge deck under the effect of dead loads.
For a beam with I-shaped cross section, an iso-damage curve on temperature and impulsive velocity plane with the consideration of dead loading is introduced to distinguish safe and unsafe regions, which could be used in the structural design for the resistance of fire and impulsive loads.
The frames are dimensioned for a height of 3.0 m and load combinations of 8.0 kPa for dead load and 2.5 kPa for live load.
These embedded rings are subjected to high-cycle fatigue loading due to the high ratio of the live load to dead load in such structures.
