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Together they drive the inflammatory response through a wide variety of bioactive lipids, cytokines and chemokines.
This kinetic information can be further used to design thermal processes, achieving high retention of bioactive lipids and identifying possible thermal treatment indicators.
The most frequently involved PLA2s in the cellular production of bioactive lipids are, the cytosolic calcium-dependent PLA2 (cPLA2), the cytosolic calcium-independent PLA2 (iPLand, and the secretory PLA2 (sPLA2).
Lipoxygenases are critical enzymes in the biosynthesis of families of bioactive lipids including compounds with important roles in the initiation and resolution of inflammation and in associated diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
As applied here, these two analytical techniques provide complementary metabolite information and together extend the metabolome coverage with robust NMR quantification of soluble metabolites and sensitive targeted LC-MS/MS analysis of bioactive lipids in specific metabolic pathways.
The LC-MS/MS analysis was performed on both filtered and unfiltered samples and resulted in the quantification of two endocannabinoids (AEA and PEA) and 22 oxylipins, which at present is the most comprehensive targeted analysis of bioactive lipids in human saliva.
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Moderately severe-to severe acute pancreatitis is believed to be the result of a multifactorial process that involves tissue necrosis, hydrolytic enzyme activation, release of inflammatory cytokines, generation of reactive oxygen species and synthesis of bioactive lipid mediators.
These biological activities may be grouped as regulation of membrane structure and function, regulation of intracellular signalling pathways, transcription factor activity together with gene expression, and regulation of the production of bioactive lipid mediators.
Translation of these findings revealed that intravenous administration of α2MG-microcapsules (but not empty microcapsules) promoted neutrophil migration into peritoneal exudates and augmented macrophage phagocytic functions, the latter response being associated with alteration of bioactive lipid mediators as assessed by mass spectrometry.
In addition, intramyocellular lipid accumulation, seen in obesity, results in the formation of bioactive lipid intermediates and lipid peroxides, which are known to activate pro-inflammatory cascades [4].
Sphingolipids are a class of bioactive lipid molecules characterized by a high degree of structural and functional diversity.
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