After washing, 50 μL of substrate A and substrate B were added to each well and subsequently incubated for 15 min at room temperature.
The multistep assembly process is initiated by the attachment of a substrate molecule to the assembler.
To maintain the concentration of a substrate, accumulating transporters and excreting transporters are necessary.
Nakanishi, J. et al. Photoactivation of a substrate for cell adhesion under standard fluorescence microscopes.
Jensen, S., Guskov, A., Rempel, S., Hänelt, I. & Slotboom, D. J. Crystal structure of a substrate-free aspartate transporter.
Intriguingly, polyubiquitination of a substrate can be achieved by transferring preassembled ubiquitin chains from Ube2g2 to a lysine residue in a substrate.
Nagahara, N., Sawada, N. & Nakagawa, T. Affinity labeling of a catalytic site, cysteine247 in rat mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase by chloropyruvate as an analog of a substrate.
The role of the active site in the lock-and-key fit of a substrate (the key) to an enzyme (the lock).
After applying a positive voltage pulse (Fig. 2b), the spectrum on the Fe adatom completely changed to the spectroscopic signature of a substrate spectrum (Fig. 2c, d).
For SIP, natural microbial communities are incubated in the presence of a substrate enriched in a rare stable isotope (typically 13C or 15N).
