It was approximately normally distributed and was modelled using linear regression in relation to covariates including age at study entry, occupational position, region of residence and partner's smoking habit.
Since arsenic containing pesticides were not very common in these areas and arsenic mining was not done in this region, occupational exposure to arsenic was ruled out.
Geometric mean (95% CI) cotinine levels at Q1 and at Q20 were calculated for each age-group, occupational group and region of residence at study entry, and (at Q20 only) partner's smoking group.
Participants, who have been identified at high risk, will be invited for a qualitative interview by phone, following a purposeful, maximum variation sampling strategy in terms of being in intervention or control arm, gender, age, occupational class, ethnicity, region and having or not having a family history of premature CHD.
Occupational and regional wages are also sensitive to changes in the unemployment rate of that region and occupation.
Some of this variance can be explained by differences in the occupational mix between regions, but two scales of the inventory, RESPBIAS and DOGMATIC, showed significant regional differences even within members of a single profession (Mascarenhas and Singh 2012).
Thirty-two differences between regions emerged, suggesting that perceptions of occupational roles differ by region.
In the next step we additionally adjusted for mid-life systolic blood pressure, cholesterol concentration, body mass index, smoking, occupation (farming/forestry as reference), region of residence, occupational physical activity, and signs of depression.
Workplace exposure to psychosocial hazards was compared across gender, geocultural region, and occupational class.
On a day-to-day basis, Scotland is certainly a 'low-exposure' region for occupational and recreational purposes.
